在一個(gè)可以正常停止發(fā)酵的沼氣池中，非產(chǎn)甲烷細(xì)菌對(duì)有機(jī)物合成應(yīng)用的速度決議了產(chǎn)甲烷細(xì)菌產(chǎn)甲烷的速度。山東沼氣提純?cè)O(shè)備公司提示大家，想要進(jìn)一步進(jìn)步沼氣產(chǎn)量，重要的不是產(chǎn)甲烷細(xì)菌的繼續(xù)富集，而是進(jìn)步非產(chǎn)甲烷細(xì)菌對(duì)有機(jī)物的水解速度，特別是對(duì)纖維素的合成速度。因而，為沼氣池提供水解微生物的優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群，改善非產(chǎn)甲烷細(xì)菌的代謝功用，是進(jìn)步有機(jī)物合成應(yīng)用率和沼氣產(chǎn)量的一項(xiàng)重要措施。
In a methane digester where fermentation can be stopped normally, the rate of methanogens producing methane depends on the rate of application of non-methanogens to organic synthesis. Shandong Biogas Purification Equipment Company reminds us that in order to further improve the production of biogas, it is not the continued enrichment of methanogenic bacteria, but the hydrolysis rate of non-methanogenic bacteria to organic matters, especially the synthesis rate of cellulose. Therefore, it is an important measure to improve the application rate of organic matter synthesis and biogas production to provide dominant microbial flora for biogas digesters and improve the metabolic function of non-methanogenic bacteria.
為了進(jìn)步沼氣池發(fā)酵原料的合成應(yīng)用率和產(chǎn)氣量，國(guó)內(nèi)外都非常注重在沼氣池內(nèi)堅(jiān)持較多的產(chǎn)甲烷細(xì)菌群(厭氧污泥)。除了應(yīng)采取上述措施外，為沼氣池提供水解細(xì)菌的優(yōu)勢(shì)菌群，改善非產(chǎn)甲烷細(xì)菌的代謝功用，使有機(jī)物得到更徹底的合成，是進(jìn)步沼氣池產(chǎn)氣量的重要途徑。關(guān)于處置固形物含量較高的、含較多較難合成的有機(jī)物的沼氣發(fā)酵原料，采取這一措施顯得尤為重要。
In order to improve the synthetic application rate and gas production of biogas digester fermentation raw materials, more methanogenic bacteria (anaerobic sludge) are attached great importance to in biogas digesters at home and abroad. In addition to the above measures, it is an important way to improve the gas production of biogas digesters by providing the dominant bacterial flora of hydrolytic bacteria, improving the metabolic function of non-methanogenic bacteria and making organic matter more thoroughly synthesized. It is particularly important to take this measure to dispose of biogas fermentation raw materials with high solid content and more difficult to synthesize organic matter.
山東沼氣提純?cè)O(shè)備公司研討發(fā)現(xiàn)，在豬糞和雞糞的厭氧消化過(guò)程中，各種水解酶(蛋白酶、纖維素酶、脂肪酶和淀粉酶等)的酶活與沼氣產(chǎn)量成正比關(guān)系，水解酶活均呈現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)氣峰值的左近，并且水解酶活與沼氣產(chǎn)量的變化曲線類似，這一結(jié)果在國(guó)內(nèi)外尚未見(jiàn)報(bào)道。另有研討標(biāo)明，適量添加水解酶能加快發(fā)酵原料中纖維素的降解速度，明顯進(jìn)步沼氣產(chǎn)量。
Shandong Biogas Purification Equipment Co., Ltd. has found that in the anaerobic digestion process of pig manure and chicken manure, the activities of various hydrolytic enzymes (protease, cellulase, lipase and amylase, etc.) are proportional to the biogas production, and the activities of hydrolytic enzymes are near the peak value of biogas production, and the change curve of hydrolytic enzymes is similar to that of biogas production. This result has not been reported at home and abroad. It was also indicated that proper addition of hydrolytic enzymes could accelerate the degradation of cellulose in fermentation raw materials and significantly improve biogas production.
自然狀態(tài)下的秸稈由纖維素、半纖維素、木質(zhì)素及局部蛋白質(zhì)、氨基酸、單寧等組成。由于自然木質(zhì)纖維素構(gòu)造的復(fù)雜性，停止生物轉(zhuǎn)化的難點(diǎn)在于如何高效將它降解成為可發(fā)酵糖。分離預(yù)處置辦法消弭木質(zhì)素的障礙作用，是進(jìn)步纖維素被纖維素酶水解的有效步驟。將纖維素酶的產(chǎn)生、纖維素的水解及酒精發(fā)酵過(guò)程有效組合，可進(jìn)步生物轉(zhuǎn)化效率降低轉(zhuǎn)化本錢(qián)。大家曉得，麥秸、稻草、玉米稈等植物性原料表皮上都有一層蠟質(zhì)，假如不作處置就下池，水分不易經(jīng)過(guò)蠟質(zhì)層進(jìn)入秸稈內(nèi)部，纖維素很難腐朽合成，不能被甲烷細(xì)菌應(yīng)用，而且會(huì)形成浮料或結(jié)殼現(xiàn)象。
The natural straw is composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, local protein, amino acid, tannin and so on. Because of the complexity of natural lignocellulose structure, the difficulty of stopping bioconversion is how to efficiently degrade it into fermented sugar. Separation pretreatment is an effective step to improve the hydrolysis of cellulose by cellulase. The combination of cellulase production, cellulose hydrolysis and alcohol fermentation can improve the efficiency of bioconversion and reduce the cost of conversion. It is well known that there is a layer of wax on the epidermis of plant materials such as wheat straw, rice straw and corn straw. If it is not disposed of, it will go down into the pond. Water will not easily enter the straw through the waxy layer. Cellulose is difficult to decay and synthesize, and can not be used by methane bacteria, and it will form bubbles or crusts.
由于微生物的木質(zhì)纖維素降解才能較弱，招致農(nóng)作物秸稈的水解過(guò)程遲緩，水解水平低，使農(nóng)作物秸稈的厭氧消化時(shí)間長(zhǎng)、消化率低、產(chǎn)氣量少、投入產(chǎn)出效益差，因此限制了秸稈大范圍地應(yīng)用于厭氧發(fā)酵。
Because the degradation ability of lignocellulose by microorganisms is weak, the hydrolysis process of crop straw is slow and the level of hydrolysis is low, the anaerobic digestion time of crop straw is long, the digestibility is low, the gas production is low, and the input-output benefit is poor, so the wide application of straw in anaerobic fermentation is limited.
因而，研討如何經(jīng)過(guò)預(yù)處置使作物秸稈中的木質(zhì)纖維素得到有效降解成為秸稈生物處置的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵。
Therefore, how to effectively degrade lignocellulose in crop straw after pretreatment has become a key issue in straw biological disposal.
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2019-04-24
